Ikhaya > uluhlu lokubonisa
Indlela yokusila amasuntswana abhityileyo kakhulu ezinto ezisetyenziswa ngamabhola anamandla aphezulu ibizwa ngokuba yi-nano ball milling. Iiceramics, ii-cellulose nanofibrils, kunye nezinye izinto ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji zonke ziveliswa ngoncedo lwale ndlela kakhulu. Kuzo zombini iindawo zemveliso nezophando, ukusetyenziswa kwe ukugaywa kwebhola ye-nano Iqheleke kakhulu. Ukongeza, isetyenziswa ekuveliseni izinto ezintsha ze-nanotechnology okwangoku.
Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu yi-nanomaterials yenye yezona zinto zininzi ezinokungenelwa kukusetyenziswa kwe-ball milling, indlela elula neyinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Yinkqubo edibanisa iinkqubo zoomatshini nezekhemikhali, kwaye yiyo evumela ukwenziwa kwee-particles ezimile ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Kwicandelo lebhayoloji, ukusetyenziswa kwe-ball milling kube ngumxholo wophando oluninzi. Kweli candelo, siza kuxoxa ngenkqubela phambili yakutshanje eyenziweyo kweli candelo. Ukongeza koku, sijongana nendlela ephambi kwenkqubo yorhwebo.
Ukuveliswa kweenkqubo ze-hybrid kungenziwa ngokulula ngokusebenzisa i-ball milling. Kunokwenzeka ukwandisa ubungakanani bezinto ezithile ezinokukhutshwa kusetyenziswa le ndlela kunye nonyango lweekhemikhali. Ngokusebenzisa le nkqubo, kunokwenzeka ukwenza ii-nanocomposites ezisekelwe kwi-cellulose. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-ball milling njengendlela yokuvelisa ii-nanoparticles kuboniswe kuphando oluninzi.
Kuye kwenziwa izifundo ezininzi apho kuphandwe khona iziphumo zokutshintshatshintsha kwesantya sokusila kunye nokujikeleza, ukongeza kwisinyibilikisi esasetyenziswayo. Ukongeza, imo yento kunye nokumelana kwayo nokonakala kobushushu kuyatshintshwa ngenxa yonyango.
Amandla okusila iibhola ukutshintsha ii-nanofibers ze-cellulose ngokweekhemikhali asekwa kuphando olwenziwe nguLagaron kunye noogxa bakhe. Njengezinto zokuqala, basebenzise umgubo we-cellulose ofumaneka kurhwebo owenziwe ngee-cotton linters. Ukusasazeka okuhle kwee-nanocrystals ngaphakathi kwi-polymer matrix kufezekiswe ngokusila izinto ngesantya esiphezulu ngelixa ziphantsi kweemeko zamanzi okanye ezingabonakaliyo.
Impembelelo yexesha lokugaya kwimo yezinto yayiyenye into eyajongwayo. Ngokweziphumo, kukho ulwalamano oluhle phakathi kobubanzi bee-CNC ezingqukuva kunye nexesha elifunekayo lokugaya. Ukongeza, ubungakanani bee-CNC ezinokwahlulwa buphuculwe kunye nokwanda koxinzelelo lwe-phosphotungstic acid.
Impembelelo yesinyibilikisi kwi-crystallinity yenye into eyaphandwayo. Izisombululo ze-phosphate-ionic zibonakaliswe zisebenza kakuhle ekupheliseni i-lignin nasekukhuthazeni ukwakheka kwee-nanocrystals ze-cellulose. Oku kufunyaniswe. Nangona kunjalo, xa kusetyenziswa ii-ionic liquids kolu vavanyo, isivuno sazo sancinci.
Ukongeza koku, impembelelo yokuba ukugaywa kwebhola yayinayo kwiimpawu zomphezulu weefayibha yahlalutywa. Emva kokugaywa, kwafunyaniswa ukuba kukho ukuncipha okukhulu kokuqhekeka kobude beefayibha. Ngendlela efanayo, i-Young modulus yeefayibha nayo ibone ukwanda.
Nangona ezi zifundo zityhile ukubaluleka imbiza yokugaya ibhola, ukusetyenziswa kwale ndlela ekuvelisweni kwee-nanofibers ze-cellulose kusathintelwe okwangoku. Ukuze siqonde ngcono utshintsho lweekhemikhali oluye lwenziwa zii-nanofibers ze-cellulose, kufuneka uphando olongezelelweyo.

Ukucutshungulwa kwee-nanoparticles kunye nokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali kwiimpawu zazo kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji eyaziwa ngokuba yi-ball milling. Ingasetyenziswa kwiimeko ezimanzi okanye ezomileyo, kwaye ingasetyenziswa kwizinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Uluhlu lobungakanani bee-particles kunye neempawu zomphezulu wee-fibers zinokutshintshwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeke kwi-aqueous medium kunye ne-solvent esetyenziswayo. Kukwanokwenzeka ukuba kubekho impembelelo kwiprofayili yokonakala kobushushu bezinto.
Ukwenziwa kwee-nanocomposites ezisekelwe kwi-cellulose kufezwe ngokusebenzisa i-nano ball milling. Ukusebenza kwale ndlela kuye kwamiselwa luphando oluninzi. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela ayikaphandwa malunga nokusetyenziswa kwayo ekuguqulweni kweekhemikhali kwee-cellulose nanoparticles.
Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-esterification yenye yezona mpendulo zibonwa rhoqo ezenzeka ngexesha lokuguqulwa kwe-CNFs ngokusekelwe kwikhemistri. Kwelinye icala, amaqela asebenzayo abeka imida kule mpendulo. Ukongeza, unyango lwangaphambi kokusetyenziswa lunempembelelo enkulu kumaqela asebenzayo kunye nobungakanani be-reagent obuveliswayo.
Ukongeza, ubude bexesha elithathwayo kwinkqubo yokugaya lolunye umba onefuthe kwiimpawu ze-nanoparticles eziveliswayo. Ngenxa yoko, ukukhetha ezifanelekileyo izixhobo zokugaya ibhola kwaye le ndlela iyimfuneko kakhulu. Oku kuya kunceda ekuphuculeni umgangatho wokukhanya we-ceramics.
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokusila ibhola, iindawo zekristale ze-cellulose ziya kukhululwa ngenxa yokubakho kwee-asidi zeminerali. Kwangaxeshanye, izinto eziyinxalenye yezinto ezingafaniyo ziya kwaphulwa zize zitshatyalaliswe. Inkqubo yokukhupha ii-nanocrystals inokwenziwa lula ngokunyusa uxinzelelo lwe-phosphotungstic acid.
Kwenziwe umgubo onobukhulu obuphakathi be-271 nm owawunomgangatho ophezulu wokucoceka we-0.5% . Wawulinganisa i-7 m2/g ngokubhekiselele kummandla wawo othile womphezulu. Ukongeza koku, iziphumo ze-SEM zibonise ukuba ii-CNC zazisasazeke ngokulinganayo kuyo yonke i-matrix.
Ezi ceramics zifanelekile ukusetyenziswa kwizixhobo ze-magneto-optical ngenxa yeempawu zazo. Ngenxa yokwanda kobushushu bazo, zisetyenziswa kwizicelo ezisebenzisa ii-laser ukukhusela umonakalo wobushushu. Ukufaka ezi zinto ngezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba kuvumela ukwanda okukhulu kwe-verdet constant yazo. Iisampulu ezaziqulethe i-RE:TGG zazine-verdet constant eyayiyi--143 rad/T*m, eyayiphantsi xa ithelekiswa ne-TGG transparent nano-ceramics.
Ngaphakathi kummandla we-400-800 nm ubude be-wavelength, ukuhanjiswa kwe-optical kwe-MgAl2O4 transmittance nano-ceramics kufikelele kwi-78%. I-transmittance nano-ceramics RE:TGG yayinokuhanjiswa kwe-optical okwakuphezulu ngama-5 ekhulwini kune-TGG.
Olu hlobo luthile lweeseramikhi lunomoya wokuqhuba ubushushu ofana noweekristale zemagneto-optical. Zikwasebenzise ekukhanyiseni okuqinileyo, kwiifestile zeenqwelo moya, nakwizixhobo zokuzikhusela ezibonakalayo.

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezinokuthathwa ukwenza ii-cellulose nanofibrils (ii-CNF). Ukusila izithako kwi-ball mill yenye indlela. Inkqubo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-ball milling ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwesenzo sokucheba ngoomatshini kunye nokuba khona kwee-chemical agents. Zombini intsimi yobunjineli benkqubo kunye nentsimi ye-organic synthesis zinokuyisebenzisa. Ukusetyenziswa kobu buchwepheshe ekuveliseni ii-CNF eziguqulwe ngamakhemikhali, kwelinye icala, akukaphandwa ngokupheleleyo.
Uhlobo lwesinyibilikisi esisetyenziswayo lunokuba nefuthe kwiimpawu ze-nanocellulose. Ngenxa yoku, kuyimfuneko ukufezekisa inkqubo. Oku kuquka ubude bexesha kunye nesantya apho indlela yokugaya yenziwa khona. Ukongeza koku, kubalulekile ukulinganisela ubungakanani bee-particles kunye ne-crystallinity yazo.
Kwenziwe izifundo ezininzi ukuze kuphandwe iindlela i-nano umatshini wokugaya ibhola yelebhu inokuchaphazela iimpawu ze-cellulose nanofibrils. Kuhlolwe iziseko ezahlukeneyo zokwakha. Uhlobo lwesinyibilikisi, isantya sokujikeleza, kunye nexesha lokugaya zonke ezi zinto zivavanywe njengeempembelelo ezinokubakho kwisiphumo.
Ngokweziphumo, i-Young modulus yee-cellulose nanocrystals inyuswe kakhulu, ngelixa i-elongation break inciphile kakhulu. Ukongeza, i-DP ifunyenwe inciphile. Ngokweziphumo, ii-CNF zisenokuba zisebenze ngenxa yenkqubo yokusila.
Ukuze kuphandwe ubukrelekrele be-CNF, kwasetyenziswa i-XRD. Isalathisi esibonakalayo sekristali samiselwa kwisampuli nganye ngokusebenzisa ifomula eyenziwe nguSegal. Isalathisi sezinye zeesampuli sasisikhulu, ngelixa ixabiso lezinye iisampuli laliphantsi.
Ukongeza koko, imifanekiso ye-FE-SEM yafunyanwa kwiisampuli ezigayiweyo. Ngokweziphumo, inkqubo yokugaywa kwebhola yabangela ukuba ezinye iindawo ezazingaguquki ngaphambili zibe yikristale ngakumbi. Ukongeza, uphando lwemo lwenziwe ukuze kuvavanywe impembelelo yokuba ukugaywa kwaba nayo kwiimpawu ze-nanocellulose.
Nangona kwenziwe uphando oluninzi kwii-nanofibers ze-cellulose, uninzi lwazo lwenziwe ngelixa ii-nanofibers zazikwimeko yokumanzi. Ukuze kuveliswe ii-nanofibers, kuye kwasetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-microfluidization, i-enzymatic pretreatment, kunye nonyango lwe-ultrasonic olunamandla aphezulu.
Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-ball milling ekwenzeni i-cellulose nanofibers kuchazwe kuphela kwiiphepha ezimbalwa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ubungqina obubonisa ukuba le ndlela inika iingenelo ezininzi. Umzekelo, le teknoloji inempembelelo ephantsi kwi-ecosystem ejikelezileyo kwaye inexabiso elifanelekileyo.

Ukugaywa kwezinto ngee-ball mills ezinamandla aphezulu yenye yezona nkqubo zisetyenziswa rhoqo ukuvelisa izinto kwi-nanoscale. Ukuveliswa kwee-ultrafine particles kwenziwa ngendlela elula. Ezi nxalenye zingapakishwa kunye kwaye zidityaniswe zibe yinto yesinyithi esininzi kusetyenziswa iindlela ezifanelekileyo. Ukugaywa yinkqubo, ukongeza ekudaleni iipowders ezikumgangatho ophezulu, enokubangela utshintsho lwe-polymorphic kwiikhompawundi ezigaywayo.
Ngonyaka we-1970, uJohn Benjamin wayengumntu wokuqala ukuyila indlela ye-HEBM. Le ndlela ingasetyenziswa ekuhlanganiseni iintlobo ngeentlobo zeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokudibanisa. Njengomzekelo, isetyenzisiwe ekuveliseni iipowder ze-PZT ezinobukhulu obuncinci, i-haematite a-Fe2O3 NPs, kunye nee-sono-Fenton nanocatalysts ezivela kwi-martite yendalo.
Kwinkqubo ye-HEBM, itshaja yokuqala yepowder idla ngokwenziwa yindibaniselwano yepowders ezizeze-ceramic okanye ezizeze-elemental. Emva koko, i-dispersant ekhethiweyo ifakwa kwipowders ukuze kutshintshwe umphezulu wee-particles.
Xa kudlula kwinkqubo yokusila, iibhola zifumana amanqanaba abalulekileyo okuchaphazeleka kunye namandla okungqubana. Ngenxa yezi nkqubo zahlukeneyo, amasuntswana aye aguquka kakhulu. Akwaguqulwa ngokubandayo ngelixa kusenzeka iingozi. Ngenxa yoku, ubungakanani bamasuntswana buyehla ngokukhawuleza.
Ngesantya seenguqu ezingama-300 ngomzuzu, iibhola ziyajikeleziswa. Uluhlu lokungqubana okuqengqelekayo lwenziwa ngenxa yamandla e-centrifugal aveliswa kukujikeleza. Iibhola ezisetyenziselwa ukugaywa ziyaqina, kwaye zijikeleza udonga olungaphakathi lwesitya. Ubungakanani bamandla e-kinetic adluliselwa kwiibhola bunokwahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwirediyasi yepleyiti yesiseko.
Nangona indlela ye-HEBM inako ukuvelisa izinto ezicocekileyo kakhulu, ikwanakho nokuba nefuthe elibi kwizinto eziqinileyo emva kokuba zigayiwe. Ezi mpembelelo ziquka ungcoliseko olubangelwa zizinto ezisusiweyo, ungcoliseko olubangelwa yintshukumo yoomatshini, kunye nongcoliseko kwiindawo ezidityanisiweyo zezinto. Ukongeza, amaxesha okwanda kokugaya ibhola anokubangela ukwenziwa kweebhondi zehydrogen.
Akukho ndlela yokulawula indlela ezimi ngayo iinxalenye okanye indlela ezihlangana ngayo ngelixa kusetyenziswa le nkqubo, enye yezona ngxaki zayo ezininzi. Ngaphezu koko, isigaba sekristale sishiywa nomthamo othile woxinzelelo olushiyekileyo. Ukuba kwenzeka into efana nale, inamandla okutshintsha ukusasazeka kobushushu bee-pellets zeLa-doped ThO2.
Ukugaya nge-Colloidal, mechanical, kunye ne-nano kwenziwa ngcono ngokusebenzisa amandla aphezulu ibhola lokusila miniZineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa, kubandakanya ukuhlanganiswa kwe-slurries, ukuveliswa kwe-ultrafine powders, kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu we-nanoscale. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunokubangela ii-intermetallic powders ezingalungelelananga ezinobungqingqwa beglasi.
Iziko lemveliso elinalo iTencan ligubungela iimitha zesikwere ezingama-20,000, kwaye iziko layo lophando nophuhliso lithatha iimitha zesikwere ezingama-2,000. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba iTencan iyakwazi ukwanelisa zonke iimfuno Imveliso ethe nkqo yeplanethi yebhola yokusila Iikhrayitheriya abathengi abanokuba nazo. I-Tencan inikwe amalungelo obunikazi angaphezu kwamashumi amathathu, kwaye le nkampani isebenza noogqirha abangamashumi amabini abavela kwiiyunivesithi ezintlanu ezidumileyo kwihlabathi.
Ukuveliswa kwe oomatshini bokusefa umgubo Izixhobo, ubuchwepheshe, kunye nezixhobo zepowder yeyona nto iphambili kwimisebenzi yorhwebo yenkampani iCHANGSHA TIANGCHUANG POWDER TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD. Imizila yethu ephambili yeshishini ibandakanya ukuvelisa ii-laboratory ball mills, ii-crushers kunye nee-milling machines, ii-screening machines, izixhobo zokuxuba nokuxuba, kunye nezinye iintlobo zezixhobo zelabhoratri ezifana neebhokisi zeglavu kunye nezixhobo zophando.
Iziqinisekiso ezifana ne-ISO9001, i-CE, kunye ne-SGS, phakathi kwezinye, zifunyenwe lishishini le-CHANGSHA TIANGCHUANG POWDER TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD. Ukongeza koku, inamalungelo obunikazi angaphezu kwama-40 kwiiteknoloji ezahlukeneyo ezikhuselweyo ngamalungelo azo obunikazi obukhethekileyo. Iqatshelwe ngurhulumente njengenkampani yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu. umatshini wokuxuba umgubo womxube wepowder inkampani esebenza kwiphondo laseHunan.
Iiyunivesithi, amaziko ophando, kunye namashishini asekelwe kubuchwepheshe enza amaqela abalulekileyo abathengi. abavelisi bomxube wepowder Amashishini anabathengi abangaphezu kwama-20,000 abakwihlabathi liphela kwaye athumela iimveliso zawo kumazwe angaphezu kwama-60.